Biography:

Dr. Krisztina Kungl graduated at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, WrocÅ‚aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland. In the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats she was responsible teacher for Companion animal clinical nutrition and fodder hygiene. She completed her PhD research on the Effects of dietary supplementation of ω3 and ω6 fatty acids on hair coat and skin in the healthy dog, which resulted in a worldwide patent of the formula with Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. She currently holds a post at the Department of Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary, where she continues nutrition consultation and formulation of individualized home-made diets for dogs and cats. She is an expert in small animal clinical nutrition. Previously she was Veterinary Affairs Manager, Hill’s Pet Nutrition Central and Eastern Europe with Russia, also worked for the Hungarian Food Safety Office (HFSO). In addition, she is lecturer of clinical pathology, pathophysiology and nutrition related topics of internal medicine.

Abstract:

Introduction and goals: the feeding RMBDs (so called raw meat-based diets) to dogs and cats reached significant popularity in the past few years in Hungary. In our study, the most common motivations of feeding RMBDs were analysed. Our main goal was to gain an insight into the common reasons of feeding this specific diet, where/when the owners learned about it, what were the most important motivations to choose RMBDs and how satisfied were they with the diet.

Material and method: Our study was based on a standardized web-questionnaire, filled out by dog owners (regardless of their pets’ diet). 767 people filled in the questionnaire. We selected 3 different groups based on the diet: (1) fed only RMBD (NY); (2) mixed diet (RMBD and other types of food) (V); (3) non-RMBD feeders (E). We had 438 responders from group NY, 91 from group V and 238 from group E.  Statistica 13 (StatSoft) was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Regarding the source of first information about nutrition, among non-RMDB feeders the most common source of advice was a veterinarian (38%), however among RMBD feeders, information came from facebook groups (34%) or “from a friend” (31%). This shows that info about raw meat-based diets reaches dog owners via non-scientific routes, meanwhile, most of the non-RMBD feeders follow diets based on scientific studies, which are advised by qualified persons. 75% of RMBD feeders put emphasise on RMBD as „natural diet”, which was important for only 10% of non-RMBD feeders, and 47% of mixed diet feeders. Additionally RMBD feeders pay attention to building a proper muscle structure, weight-control, to have an exact knowledge of what they are feeding, good digestibility dental calculus prevention and improvement of hair-coat quality.         It is remarkable, that 13% of group NY claim RMBD safe, only 1 person expressed concern on infectious pathogens. The results clearly point out that most people have no information or will not take in consideration the risk of pathogens with feeding of RMBD. In the RMBD group facebook groups were the primary (82 %) and for 54 persons (13%) the only information source for the detailed diet. RMBD feeders received detailed info from acquaintance (33%), scientific articles (32%), specific product/brand pages (29%), reader/user review sites and books 26% and 23% from their vet. The non-raw feeders primarily identified the vet as a source of detailed information (53%). From the aspect of complacency there was a significant difference between the groups. 84% of RMBD users were fully satisfied with their feeding practice, while in the other groups satisfaction ranged from moderate to high.

Discussion: RMBDs lack high quality scientific studies documenting their usefulness. Owners first hear about raw diets from non-scientific sources of social network groups and friends, additionally detailed info sources are mostly the same. It is worth noting that many RMBD feeders marked scientific articles as source of information, however, the authors found very limited access to such articles. RMBDs have some advantages, however, the assessment of better hair-coat quality or overall condition are highly subjective and high satisfaction rate is greatly influenced by social network groups. The raw diet users are either unaware or are not willing to admit the increased risk of infection both of their pets and themselves. Additionally public-health risk factors, which are documented in the public domain also must be taken into account when evaluating raw diets. Since the advantages of raw diets e.g. high digestibility can be achieved by other means as well, the authors do not recommend feeding of RMBDs.

Biography:

AyÅŸe Gencay working as Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology,  Erciyes University, Turkey. Dr. AyÅŸe Gencay experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. Dr. AyÅŸe Gencay research interests reflect in her wide range of publications in various national and international journals. 

Abstract:

Considering calves are born agamaglobulinemic due to syndesmochorial placenta features that prevent immunoglobulin transfer to the fetus from the dam, precolostral Ab presence is directly results of overcome in-utero infection. In this study, samples were obtained from a dairy cattle enterprise which was established nearly 10 year before the sampling, located in Afyonkarahisar province, Central Anatolia. More than 1.500 animal in different age groups having been breeding in closed system intensive breeding management. Number of fertile cows was approximately 1.100. Blood serum samples were has been collected just after the birth from 123 dams and their precolostral calves simultaneously, nearly in three month period.

All of the sampled animals were clinically normal during sampling. According to regular health reports of the herd, diarrhoea and pneumonia in calves and different reproductive problems and mastitis problem in cows were increased especially in last one year. For the detection of BPI3V specific antibody existence, micro virus neutralization test was carried out using SF-4 as a control virus. 1/5 above dilutions was accepted as a positive. 

          BPI3V specific Ab was found to be 119 of 123 dams (96.7%). Ab titers showed regular bell curve distribution’s peak point was 1/20 and 1/40 interval. A slight increase was observed from 1/80 dilution point. Out of their precolostral calves, 31 (25.2%) was Ab positive between 1/5 and 1/80 titer values. Average Ab titer level was higher in the dams of precolostrally positive calves as a result of infection in latest months as can be expected.

Current veterinary practice is based on preventive objective of the diseases which is crucial for intensive dairy breeding enterprises. Precolostral Ab controls of neonates can be preferred as a useful tool for detecting very recent circulated infections to figure out near risks.

Biography:

Sergio Orlando Yong Wong is a Doctor Veterinarian, Master of Science by Antonio Narro Agrarian Autonomous University (UAAAN), and Equine Specialist Clinic certified by CONCERVET México and he works as a research professor at UAAAN Campus Laguna since 2004 to date. He is a Member of a Medical Veterinary Sciences department and Animal Production at UAAAN. And he written some research papers in National and one International journal, is member of Mexican association of Veterinary Equine Practitioner.

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the seroprevalence of T. equi and B. caballi infection by cELISA and looking for the presence of ticks associated with the occurrence of the Equine Piroplasmosis (EP). Horses from two regions:  tropical and subtropical of México were selected (Figure 1). One hundred horses from Torreón, Coahuila and seventy five horses from Villa Corzo, Chiapas with some clinical signs such as jaundice, lethargy, partial anorexia, weight loss and poor performance were selected for sampling. cELISA was used to detect antibodies of T. equi and B. caballi; and ticks were collected from fifty horse with for each region making a taxonomic study for each tick found as a competitive vector. Chi square test was applied to compare the rates of seroprevalence and were not statistical differences found. Sexes (P>0.05), According with the age, there were more seropositivity horses with less than five years that more than five years old (51% and 36%, respectively; P=0.06). We conclude that Torreón there was not EP infection but was very high prevalence at Villa Corzo, Chiapas and T. equi were the most prevalent hemoparasite. The distribution of seroprevalence is on Table 1. For the tick collection we found 32 tick species from 50 horses.  Amblyoma cajennense 50% Amblyoma maculatum 31.25% Amblyoma imitator 18.75% for Villa Corzo and at Torreon we found 60 tick samples from 50 horses. Otobius megnini was 85%, Rhipicephalus sanguineus was 8.3% O. megnini + R. sanguineus was 5.0 and one larve not identificated 1.7%.

Biography:

Belgin Sırıken is an expert in Food Microbiology, Safety and Chemical Properties of Particularly Animal Origin Foods. She has completed her PhD at Ankara University, and now she is working as Prof. Dr. at Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Her focus is on Molecular Food Microbiology.

Abstract:

P. aeruginosa is most well-known as a biofilm-forming bacterium. It is an opportunistic pathogen and majority of the infections are commonly associated with nosocomial infection and infection in immunocompromised hosts. Infections with P. aeruginosa are difficult to eradicate, due to their high levels of antibiotic resistance and growth in biofilms. Production of secondary metabolites is controlled by a cell-cell signaling system that is generally described as quorum sensing (QS) or density-dependent gene regulation. QS, bacterial cells send a small diffused signal molecule called autoinducer (AI) to the next bacterial cells for the biofilm formation, and the bacteria contact each other for stimulation and interaction with other bacteria. For this reason, extracellular signals and QS regulation system is very important for presence of biofilm, and it has been considered an attractive target for the development of new treatment strategies. QS regulation in the P. aeruginosa is controlled by at least two pairs of gene [LasI (LasI/lasR) - RhII (RhlI/RhlR)], coded N-acylated homoserine lactones. LasI and RhII genes are stimulate the signal molecules. While LasI codes N-(3-oxododecanoyl) homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL) which is a AI sentase, RhII codes the N-butyryl homoserine lactone (C4-HSL). As there is a rise of the bacterial population, these signal molecules are produced and saved by P. aeruginosa and transcriptional regulators come from the same origin for activation and binding of these molecules, intracellular concentration triple as soon as short time. LasI and RhI systems regulate the virulence factors such as elastase, alkaline phosphatase, hydrogen cyanide, exotoxin A, secretor proteins, catalase, rhamnolipid, pyosiyanine, lectins, acylated homoserin lactones (AHLs) and superoxide dismutase production. The third gen couple which helped in regulating QS is PQS-MvfR. The expression of PQS depends on LasR, and Rh1R gene increases in the expression. In conclusion obtained from findings, QS mechanism will make contributions to keep the lights in medical area via improvements of treatment against the antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa and struggles with it in food processing plant bacterial cells for the biofilm formation, and the bacteria contact each other for stimulation and interaction with the other bacteria for this reason.

Biography:

Sibel Gur is working at Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.  

Abstract:

Bovine Herpevirus 1 (BoHV1) or Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) is one of the most important viral infections cause to economic losses in cattle breeding. Sheep and goats are less sensitive to the infection but there is no clear information on their role in the continuity in the virus circulation in the field. The purpose of this study was to obtain informain on cross transmission between cattle, sheep and goats under field conditions.  For this aim, blood serum samples were collected from this three species having been breeding together at least for 1 year.

Samples were obtained from 226 cattle, 1.053 sheep and 277 goats from 17 small-medium scale family type enterprises in Afyonkarahisar province, West Anatolia. BHV1 specific antibody presence and titers was determined using Serum Neutralisation test.

Out of 17 farms, BHV1 seropositivity in cattle was detected in 13, between 5.8 and 88.8% proportions, and total of 73 (32.3%) was positive. Out of 1.053 sheep, only one sheep detected as positive (0.09%). Beside sheep and cattle, goat samples were collected from 8 enterprises, and positivity was determined in 4 between 17% and 38.9. In total, out of 277, 58 (20.9%) goat was found to be positive for BHV1. Maximum antibody titter in cattle was 1/8 in cattle while 1/2 in goats. Data of cattle and goats were compared using Cohen’s kappa coefficient and substantial agreement and 69.6% value was determined among two species.

It was concluded that, goats could have significant role in the transmission under field conditions, not sheep. Goat should be considered as a factor on the control and eradication of BHV1 in cattle.

Grant support: This study was supported by grant; Afyon Kocatepe University, Scientific Research Projects Comission as no 09.VF.05

Biography:

M.K. Derbala is working as faculty of veterinary medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.  

Abstract:

Biography:

Selvinaz Yakan has completed her PhD in 2012 from Kafkas University and postdoctoral studies from Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Eleskirt Celal Oruc Animal Production School, Department of Animal Health. She study veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia, veterinary ophthalmology, wound healing, orthopedic surgery.  She finished five important projects in her country and still she is dealing with two projects. 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: This review dealt with new technological developments for effective wound treatment with this review. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Wound treatment with modern methods is based on the creation of a moist environment around the wound. Bandages made of natural and synthetic materials with different absorption capacities and wound dressings such as cotton, wool, and gauze were used in the past. The primary function of this approach was to allow wound exudates to evaporate so that wounded area could dry for elimination of bacterial growth. However, maintaining wound area warm and moist accelerates wound healing. This streamlined approach is based on allowing the movement of epithelial cells for the creation of ideal ambient conditions. Ideal conditions required for wound healing are to allow a moist environment for regeneration of cells and tissues around wound, to provide effective oxygen circulation, and to minimize bacterial contamination. Conclusion & Significance:  Achieving ideal condition improve effectiveness of the treatments for faster wound healing.

Biography:

Mohd Shukri Baba has his expertise in parasitology and animal health, as well as enhancing the natural products and endophyte Streptomyces-derivative compounds for curing many zoonotic diseases in improving the health and wellbeing of both human and livestock. As a member of Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, he was frequently being invited both locally and internationally as a speaker in many relevant conferences focusing on One Health concept which emphasizes on how the involvement of multidisciplinary careers can be synergistically approached to ensure the safety and health of humans and animals, as well as to maintain the environmental sustainability. Besides, he was also on his track of patenting one promising novel compound for antimalarial drug towards zoonotic simian malarial agent, Plasmodium knowlesi. Latest, he was appointed as Head of Biomedical Science Degree Program in International Islamic University Malaysia, as well as a main reviewer for biomedical science degree profession in Malaysia.

Abstract:

The concept of One Health (OH) emphasizes on how the involvement of multidisciplinary careers can be jointly approached to ensure the safety and health of humans and animals, as well as to maintain the environmental sustainability. Towards the end of this study, the authors demonstrated how the manipulation of bioactive compound namely nerolidol or 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol (C₁₂H₂₆O), extracted from the seed of natural planted spice, Eiettaria cardamomum (cardamom), promisingly can solve the endemicity of vector-borne zoonotic manifestation of trypanosomiasis.  By assessing the cell morphological changes and toxicity assessment of blood enzymes and vital organs, nerolidol was compared with Berenil (C₁₈H₂₂N₈O₃) on the growth and survival of the animal haemoflagellate protozoa Trypanosoma evansi. Groups of male ICR strain mice (6 – 8 weeks old, 20 – 25g body weight) were intraperitoneally (i.p) infected with the parasite at 5.0 × 10³ T. evansi per mouse and orally given pre-, concurrent- and post-infection treatments with 0.1 ml of nerolidol at 10 µg/ml per mouse. By using Giemsa stained blood slides and examined under the light and scanning electron microscopes (SEM), there was a positive correlation (p ≤ 0.05, n = 6) between the mice survival time and the ability to inhibit the parasites growth in pre-infection treatment group. The mice in this group was also recorded the longest pre-patent (42.19 ± 1.2 days) and survival (264.58 ± 0.6 days) period. The morphological changes of T. evansi cells were observed where the undulating membrane was destroyed other than the cell became crescent-shaped and both of the posterior and anterior ends were tapered before the flagellum disintegrated in which lead to death of the cells. Besides, the results for biochemical tests were positively situated in the normal ranged level as well as no abnormalities found on the selected vital organs. This study significantly evidenced that nerolidol could be manipulated for the preservation and welfare of human beings, animals and environment. Thus, it is suggested that the scientists and practitioners from many disciplines needs to initiate to work collaboratively to synthesize and develop the novel solutions towards the trypanosomiasis which was problematize to the policy makers and people who deal with human and veterinary medicine.

Biography:

Abstract:

Foot and mouth disease outbreaks have occurred in Azerbaijan in different years. In neighboring states, such as Iran and Turkey, foot and mouth disease epizooty is reported every year. Continuous spread of the disease in these countries causes constant danger for the country. Twice a year livestock and small cattle is vaccinated against the disease as a preventive measure.

The main of this study aim was to surveillance of current situation; define of immunity status new vaccine and non-structural proteins (NSP) of foot and mouth disease in the border rayon’s of country for the year 2016. In addition managing control over animals passing through the border.

In March and April, 2016 livestock and small cattle were immunized with trivalent (A, O, Azia1) vaccine in all rayon’s of the country. 21-30 days after vaccination, rayon’s collected blood samples and sent them to Republican Veterinary Laboratory. Assays were conducted with NSP and solid faze ELISA.

Total 1692 serum samples were collected across the country as a result of this study. The  2.6%  of positivity for NSP. The immune status of antibodies against serotype A -60%, Azia 1-70%, O- 60%.

As a result of seromonitoring, it was defined that the epizootic state against foot and mouth disease was stable. The high percentage of positive results among animals passed through the border indicates the necessity for imposing quarantine on imported animals. Accordingly, the used vaccine have been shoved the less effectivity and quality. The positive results obtained show the need to continue the vaccination, however with different vaccine.

Biography:

Belgin Sırıken is an expert in Food Microbiology, Safety and Chemical Properties of Particularly Animal Origin Foods. She has completed her PhD at Ankara University, and now she is working as Prof. Dr. at Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Her focus is on Molecular Food Microbiology.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The objective of this study to find the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of L. monocytogenes from a total of 116 chicken meat samples including 50 carcasses and 66 meat parts marketed in Turkey.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: In the study, immunomagnetic separation (IMS) based cultivation technique, to detect the hlyA gene for the verification of the isolates by PCR, and to identify the genoserotypes of the L. monocytogenes isolates by multiplex PCR assay. L. monocytogenes isolates were also tested for their susceptibility to eight antibiotic (gentamicin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, penicillin G and erythromycin) agents using the disk diffusion method.

Findings: 51 L. monocytogenes colonies were isolated from 34 (29.3%) chicken meat samples (11 [22.0%] carcasses and 23 [34.8%] pieces of meat) by IMS based cultivation technique and confirmed by PCR. According to the multiplex PCR results, all the 51 isolates were identified as genoserotype IIa (1/2a or 3a), 14 isolates (27.45%) were susceptible to all eight antimicrobial drugs tested, and the remaining 37 isolates (72.54%) were resistant to gentamicin (one isolate 1.96), vancomycin (four isolates, 7.84%), penicillin G (six isolates, 1.76%), streptomycin (nine isolates, 17.64%; resistant or intermediate), tetracycline (seven isolates, 13.72%) and ampicillin (six isolates, 11.76%).

Conclusion & Significance: In conclusion, a relatively high prevalence of L. monocytogenes was noted and the isolates were characterized sporadic but sometimes epidemic serotypes. IIa in contrast to the most important epidemiological serotypes I. This study results also showed that antimicrobial resistance is not frequent in the isolates. However, we did not detect number of L. monocytogenes in analyzed samples. The presence of L. monocytogenes in chicken meat is concerning public health risk.

Biography:

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sevoflurane on total antioxidant capacity in calves. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The research was carried out on 15 calves, from newborns to 3-months-old, in operations performed for a variety of reasons. For induction, sevoflurane was given at 5-7% concentration via mask during 15 minutes. Then, endotracheal intubation was performed and the maintenance was set to a concentration of 2.5-4% sevoflurane in 100% oxygen two hours period. Blood samples were centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes at +4 °C and the serum samples were obtained. The samples were maintained at -20 °C until analyses. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined using commercial kits using a spectrophotometer (Eo Biotex, USA).  Findings: There was no significant difference recorded on TAC during sevoflurane anesthesia. Conclusion & Significance: It was determined the sevoflurane anesthesia had no adverse effect on total antioxidant capacity in calves.

Biography:

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Methadone is an opioid μ-receptor agonist commonly used in human and veterinary medicine via systemic or epidural route to achieve intra- and post- operative pain relief. The advantages of the epidural administration of methadone are a lower evidence of side effects, a more profound and prolonged analgesia, and a lower dose required. To date, no information are available about the placental transfer of methadone in dogs and the respective maternal/fetal plasma concentration ratios. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate two methods for the accurate and precise determination of methadone concentrations in bitches plasma and in the umbilical cords of their puppies, after epidural or systemic administration during surgical caesarian section. Methodology & theoretical orientation: Two different techniques were developed for the determination of methadone in the two matrices, using in both methadone-D3 as internal standard. Plasma samples were extracted with acetonitrile and, after centrifugation, the supernatant was evaporated to dryness and reconstituted with mobile phase. Umbilical cords were homogenized, added of formic acid and, after centrifugation, the supernatant underwent a clean up step on SPE cartridge. The eluted sampled was then evaporated to dryness and reconstituted with mobile phase. All samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Findings: The methods have been successfully validated in accordance with current European guidelines, providing satisfying performances over the range 1-250 ng/mL for plasma and 1-250 ng/g for umbilical cord. Conclusions & significance: This project raised from the need of determining methadone plasmatic concentration in bitches undergoing surgical caesarian section and in the umbilical cords of their puppies, in order to assess if newborns are less exposed to the drug following epidural administration. The proposed techniques proved to be suitable for the purpose and have been successfully applied to real samples.  

Biography:

Emre Kaya is working in Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey. He is continuing his scientific Studies in various subjects in the same place. His work focuses more on oxidative stress and its prevention.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The aim of study was to investigate the possible protective role of lycopene on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced testicular toxicity using biochemical, spermatological and histopathological approaches.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The rats were divided into 8 groups as control, lycopene, DEN(1), DEN(2), lycopene+DEN(1), lycopene+DEN(2), DEN(1)+lycopene and DEN(2)+lycopene. DEN was administered to rats at 200 mg/kg/bw, a single dose i.p for 30 days in DEN(1) groups and for 90 days in DEN(2) groups. Lycopene was administered to rats every other day at 10 mg/kg/bw, gavage for 10 days. Lycopene administration was started 10 days before the DEN administration in lycopene+DEN(1) and lycopene+DEN(2) groups and together with the DEN administration in DEN(1)+lycopene and DEN(2)+lycopene groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in testes tissues. Also testes tissues were examined spermatological and histologically.

Findings: MDA levels significantly increased; while GSH, CAT, GST, GSH-Px and SOD activities decreased (p<0.001). MDA, GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities reached to normal levels with the addition of lycopene; simultaneous-administration with DEN has been more effective (p<0.001). Reduction sperm density and motility, weights of reproductive organs, increase in rate of abnormal sperm were observed in DEN groups. Lycopene has provided improvement in spermatological characteristics and weights of reproductive organs. Histopathologically, it was determined that the most significant microscopic change in all experimental groups were dilation in seminiferous tubules; especially in DEN(2) group (p<0.001). Additionally, reduction in germinal cell thickness, disorganization and degeneration in germinal epithelium, syncytial cell formations in seminiferous tubules lumen were another change in experimental groups. Decrease in germinal cell thickness was noted in DEN(2), DEN(1), lycopene+DEN(2) and lycopene+DEN(1) groups, respectively.

Conclusion & Significance: DEN-induced oxidative stress leads to the structural and functional damages in the testicular tissue and sperm quality of rats and, lycopene has been able to eliminate these damages.

Biography:

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of starvation and refeeding on spermatological parameters and oxidative stress in wistar rats.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Twenty-four healthy male Wistar-Albino rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups, including six rats in each. These groups were arranged as follows: Group 1 served as the control, received food during study. Group 2 were starved 5 days, Group 3 were starved 5 days and refeed 5 days, Group 4 were starved 5 days and refeed 7 days. In this study, weights of body and reproductive organs (testes, epididymites, seminal vesicles, ventral prostate), sperm parameters (concentration, motility) and blood malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined. Findings: Starvation caused the reduced weights of body and reproductive organs (especially testes and prostate) and sperm concentration (p<0.05). In addition, starvation caused the oxidative stress by the increased MDA and GSH levels and the reduced antioxidant enzyme activities in blood (p<0.05 and p<0.001). Refeeding produced amelioration in spermatological parameters and biochemical indices in blood when compared to starvation group.

Conclusion & Significance: In conclusion starvation has damaging effect and in rat reproductive organs and cells by increasing the lipid peroxidation.

Biography:

Tofazzal Md. Rakib received the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) and MSc degree from Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh. He joined as a Lecturer in the Department of Pathology and Parasitology, CVASU in 2016. His research interest includes pathogenesis of diseases, host-pathogen interaction, pathobiology of infectious diseases, public health concerns of animal diseases, transformation in cancer biology, emerging and reemerging diseases, evolutionary analysis of microorganisms and introducing new economic techniques for the diagnosis and therapy of infections with the application of bioinformatics tools.

Abstract:

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug resistant organism that threatens the effectiveness of antibiotics worldwide. The study was carried out in stray (n=108) and pet (n=50) dogs in Chittagong Metropolitan area, Bangladesh to determine the proportionate prevalence of MRSA strains by molecular techniques and their in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Oral swabs (N=158) were collected using sterile cotton swabs and were isolated according to cultural properties and molecular amplification of nuc gene. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity testing by Kirby-Bauer method, and resistant mecA gene of MRSA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 37 (34.91%) stray and 17 (34%) pet dogs were found positive for S. aureus, of which 18 (16.98%) stray and 7 (14%) pet dogs were found positive for nuc gene of S. aureus. Highest prevalence of MRSA was found in Bayezid (57.89%) and Kotwali (100%), whereas lowest in Pahartoli (22.22%) and Chandgaon (0%) for stray and pet dogs, respectively. A high percentage of MRSA isolates were resistant to antibiotics, including oxytetracycline (83.33%), azithromycin (77.78%), oxacillin (75.93%), sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (74.07%), methicillin (74.07%), ciprofloxacin (74.07%), gentamicin (74.07%), amoxicillin (46.3%) and ceftriaxone (42.59%). So, it can be concluded that MRSA in dogs are prevalent in Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Biography:

Abstract:

concluded that oxytocin had limited effect on follicular dynamics with lowest count of medium follicles in all treatments. Further, it was confirmed that fat% increased with the increase in oxytocin concentration.

Biography:

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Deer species (family Cervidae) can act as maintenance host for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Tuberculosis (TB) control in deer, including vaccination, is consequently an area of ongoing research. However, most of the study in deer TB vaccination is focused on using the live bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG). Oral inactivated vaccines represent an interesting alternative to either oral or parenteral BCG, since neither diagnostic cross-reactions nor vaccine strain survival are likely to occur. The present study documents the response of red deer to heat-inactivated M. bovis (IV) followed by challenge with virulent M. bovis.

Methodology: We conducted an experiment in six month-old red deer in which three groups of five red deer each were vaccinated with oral IV, oral BCG or were left unvaccinated as controls, respectively. All groups were challenged with a virulent M. bovis strain after 70 days and necropsied at 60 days post-challenge. The results of post mortem TB lesions and M. bovis culture scores were documented and serum antibody levels, IFN-γ response, complement component C3 and serum interleukin levels (IL-1β/IL-10/IL-12/TNFα) at different time points of the study were estimated. These parameters were statistically compared between different groups

Results: A reduction in the infection burden was recorded in the IV group. There were significant differences with the control group (53% of lesion reduction). C3 plasma levels increased after challenge, and there were no differences between the groups. The plasma cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-12) levels did not change after vaccination, but IL-1β, TNFα and IL-10 did so following the challenge. The IL-12 and IFNγ levels remained constant throughout the experiment. The IL-1β level increased in all groups, while TNFα and IL-10 levels had a distinct response pattern in the IV group and the control group, respectively.

Conclusion &Significance: The results showed that oral vaccination with IV reduces the TB lesion score in red deer challenged with a M. bovis field strain without interfering with the in vivo diagnosis of infection. The cytokines and C3 may contribute to this immune response against mycobacteria, using the IFNγ/IL-10 ratio as an indicator to define disease severity. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms involved in protection against and immunity to TB in red deer.

Biography:

Jacob Anderson C. Sanchez is a faculty/researcher of the Pampanga State Agricultural University. His main research objective is to contribute to the field of Veterinary Medicine through Molecular Diagnostics. He is passionate in conducting researches that are essential in ensuring the profit of the marginalized sector. He grew up in a family of veterinarians and farming communities.

Abstract:

Pampanga is one of the main sources of pork used for food processing and culinary in Central Luzon, Philippines. Recently, farm owners reported mortality among pigs due to a diarrhea which might be Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV). Recent qualitative studies showed the presence or absence of the virus. Here, we aimed to conduct an absolute quantification of the viral load in fecal samples from suspected sucklings and weanlings using a Singleplex Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). We report that the average viral load at the time of collection are Farm S Sucklings, 1.7X10-2 copy numbers (cn); Farm S Weanlings, 21X1010 cn; Farm R Sucklings, 9.0X107 cn; Farm R Weanlings, 1.3X106 cn. PEDV was detected at a sensitivity range of 1.89 X 10-7 up to 1.89 X 101 cn. The viral load reference index was as low as 4.44 X 10-21 cn and as high as 9.82 X 1016 cn. Given the positive result for PEDV and 100% mortality among the collected samples, it can be said that PEDV was present in the two farms of the province. These data may serve as a research-based reference for the Department of Agriculture in crafting and implementing policies for the swine industry. Furthermore, it will encourage the industry to prepare management and preventive measures against the virus. 

Biography:

Maria Jorquera- Chavez has expertise in assessing behavioural and physiological responses to stress in animals and on the impact that stress has on the productive performance of dairy and beef cattle. She has become passionate in developing and improving methods to assess and ameliorate stress levels in animals. Her studies are addressed to generate new pathways to assist in improving animal welfare and animal production. She has been involved in the development of these technologies during her studies at The University of Melbourne. These projects are based on several studies related to human emotions when they face different situations. These studies have shown that Biometric technology is a useful tool to identify changes in physiological parameter when people is exposed to different situations. After observing these good results in humans, Maria decided to develop Biometric technologies to be used in research related to animal stress.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The stress that animals experience due to environment and management conditions have become a main concern among producers and the general public. The animal stress during the pre-slaughter process not only impacts the cattle welfare but also the meat quality. Stress has been proven to impact on the eating qualities of beef, such as colour, tenderness, flavour and juiciness, as well as the shelf-life of meat. Studies have shown that physiological parameters can be used as indicators of stress in animals. However, the techniques used to obtain these parameters are often invasive and can increase the stress in animals. Moreover, they are time consuming and labour intensive. The purpose of this study is to define whether non-invasive techniques that measure temperature and Heart Rate (HR) can be used to identify stress levels and predict their effect on meat quality. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Infrared and video cameras were placed in four farms and in the abattoir to obtain images, which were analyzed to obtain HR and Temperature by using algorisms in MatLab. These physiological parameters were correlated with indicators of meat quality obtained from the carcasses at the abattoir. Findings: The physiological parameters obtained by these non-invasive methods showed medium to high correlation with ultimate pH and meat colour. In addition, the Heart rate measured at the abattoir showed a significant difference (P<0.0001) between cattle that presented DFD or high ultimate pH, and the cattle that did not present these conditions. Conclusion & Significance: Heart Rate appears to have strong relationship with meat quality. In addition, biometric technology could be a useful tool to assess physiological responses to stress in abattoirs. Moreover, results suggest that the data obtained by Biometric methods could be used to assist in improving prediction of beef quality.

Biography:

Abstract:

A cross sectional survey was carried out for the approximation of epidemiological features and zoonotic potentiality of bovine rotavirus A (BRA) infection in neonatal calves in south-eastern part of Bangladesh. Different farm and calf level factors were tested by mixed effect univariable and multivariable logistic regression models to identify significant risk factors for rotavirus infection in calves in the study area. Among the hypothesized risk factors, winter season was found to have higher odds of having the infection in calves compared to summer (OR=6.04; 95% Cl, 1.92-18.96; P=0.002).Higher odd ratio of was observed in >3 weeks of age group compared to ≤ 3 weeks (OR=2.87; 95% Cl, 1.03-8.01; P=0.04), taking of first colostrums after 30 minutes to 2 hours of birth in contrast to within 30 minutes (OR=13.92; 95% Cl, 3.87-50.05; P=<0.001). Zoonotic potentiality of circulating strains was evaluated by sequence analysis. Bovine origin of study isolates clustered with the zoonotic isolates retrieved from NCBI in a same group. Similarity matrices revealed that study isolates has maximum homology of more than 95% at nucleotide level with zoonotic isolates.

Biography:

Rute Canejo-Teixeira is a PhD candidate with CIISA at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Lisbon in Portugal. After first completing a BscH in Biology and a BEd at Queen´s University, Kingston, ON, Canada, she returned to her native Portugal to pursue her DVM. Ruth completed her MIVM with the study of Helicobacter spp. In the dog and cat, having identified H. pylori in a cat (Irish Veterinary Journal 2014 67(1) 4). Before securing a scholarship through the FCT. Rute was a member of the clinical staff at the Veterinary Teaching 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The human-dog interaction has a 16000-year history. Within a functional human-dog dyad both the human and the dog benefit from the relationship. Nevertheless, some dyads are dysfunctional, normally due to irresponsible behavior displayed by owners, such as allowing their dogs to roam in public spaces and/or denying them veterinary care, which can be a danger to the dog and society. The study of these dysfunctional dyads has received attention in recent years, specially within the context of dog aggression. However, these dysfunctional dyads are difficult to study since unmotivated owners are unlikely to volunteer personal information, so alternative methods are needed to better understand why human-dog dyads fail. This study analyses owners´ history of dog health care to find patterns that could help clarify what is at the core of these troubled relationships. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A questionnaire was distributed throughout the Lisbon Area to animal hospitals, clinics, anti-rabies vaccination programs, and made available online for 8 months. Owners where asked forced questions regarding the existence of specific occurrences in their history with dog health care (figure 1). MCA and chi-square analysis where completed. Findings: 1385 valid questionnaires where completed. MCA analysis revealed 3 clusters with associations between chronic illness and hospitalization (x2=122.131, df=1, p<0.001), vehicular trauma and unspecified trauma (x2=127.310, df=1, p<0.001) and caring for more dogs and having a dog bite another (x2=85.236, df=3, p<0.001). Conclusion & Significance: In this population, owners of dogs with chronic illness could represent function dyads since this was associated with hospitalization, while those who report trauma (vehicular or not) may indicate dysfunctional dyads, where the dog is not adequately controlled. In this study, through the use of a questionnaire focused on owners’ history with dog health care, patterns where recognized which could signal dysfunctional dyads.